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23-02-2006
Condiciones óptimas de almacenamiento para productos hortícolas
CONDICIONES OPTIMAS DE ALMACENAMIENTO PARA PRODUCTOS HORTICOLAS
Producto |
Temperatura de Almacenamiento |
Humedad
Relativa |
Prod.
Etileno* |
Sensib.
Etileno ¨ |
Vida
Pos-cosecha
(Aprox.) |
Observaciones y utilización de Atmósferas Controladas |
|
° C |
° F |
( % ) |
|
|
( Días) |
|
Acerola (Cereza de Barbados) |
0 |
32 |
85-90 |
|
|
42-56 |
|
Manzana |
-1.1 |
30 |
90-95 |
VH |
H |
90-180 |
2-3% O2 + 1-2% CO2 |
Chabacano |
-0.5-0 |
31-32 |
90-95 |
M |
M |
7-21 |
2-3% O2 + 2-3% CO2 |
Alcachofa (globo) |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
L |
14-21 |
2-3% O2 + 3-5% CO2 |
Atemoya |
13 |
55 |
85-90 |
H |
H |
28-42 |
3-5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Aguacate (cvs. Fuerte, Hass) |
3-7 |
37-45 |
85-90 |
H |
H |
14-28 |
2-5% O2 + 3-10% CO2 |
Babaco, papaya de montaña |
7 |
45 |
85-90 |
|
|
7-21 |
|
Plátano |
13-15 |
56-59 |
90-95 |
M |
H |
7-28 |
2-5% O2 + 2-5% CO2 |
Ejote (snap, wax, green) |
4-7 |
40-45 |
95 |
L |
M |
7-10 |
2-3% O2 + 4-7% CO2 |
Fresa |
0 |
32 |
90-95 |
L |
L |
7-10 |
5-10% O2 + 15-20% CO2 |
Bittermelon, bitter gourd |
10-12 |
50-54 |
85-90 |
L |
M |
14-21 |
2-3% O2 + 5% CO2 |
Salsify black, scorzonera |
0-1 |
32-34 |
95-98 |
VL |
L |
180 |
|
Bok Choy |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
21 |
|
Fruto de Pan |
13-15 |
55-59 |
85-90 |
|
|
14-28 |
|
Brócoli |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
10-14 |
1-2% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Brócoli chino, gailan |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
10-14 |
|
Col de Bruselas |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
21-35 |
1-2% O2 + 5-7% CO2 |
Nopales |
5-10 |
41-50 |
90-95 |
VL |
M |
14-21 |
|
Tuna, prickly pear fruit |
5 |
41 |
85-90 |
VL |
M |
21 |
|
Zanahoria |
0 |
32 |
98-100 |
VL |
H |
10-14 |
Etileno causa amargor |
Apio |
0 |
32 |
98-100 |
VL |
M |
30-60 |
1-4% O2 + 3-5% CO2 |
Chayote |
7 |
45 |
85-90 |
|
|
28-42 |
|
Chirimoya, |
13 |
55 |
90-95 |
H |
H |
14-28 |
3-5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Cereza, dulce |
-1-0 |
30-32 |
90-95 |
VL |
L |
14-21 |
10-20% O2 + 20-25% CO2 |
Chives (Allium sp.) |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
14-21 |
|
Cilantro, chinese parsley |
0-1 |
32-34 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
14 |
3% O2 + 7-10% CO2 |
Kumquat |
4 |
40 |
90-95 |
VL |
M |
14-28 |
|
Limón real, amarillo |
10-13 |
50-55 |
85-90 |
|
|
30-180 |
5-10% O2 + 0-10% CO2 |
Limón mexicano, persian |
9-10 |
48-50 |
85-90 |
|
|
42-56 |
5-10% O2 + 0-10% CO2 |
Pomelo |
7-9 |
45-48 |
85-90 |
|
|
84 |
|
Tangelo, minneola |
7-10 |
45-50 |
85-95 |
|
|
|
|
Mandarina, tangerina |
4-7 |
40-45 |
90-95 |
VL |
M |
14-28 |
|
Coco |
0-2 |
32-36 |
80-85 |
|
|
30-60 |
|
Elote dulce, baby |
0 |
32 |
95-98 |
VL |
L |
5-8 |
2-4% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Pepino, mesa |
10-12 |
50-54 |
85-90 |
L |
H |
10-14 |
3-5% O2 + 0-5% CO2 |
Pepino, pickle |
4 |
40 |
95-100 |
L |
H |
7 |
3-5% O2 + 3-5% CO2 |
Rábano oriental, daikon |
0-1 |
32-34 |
95-100 |
VL |
L |
120 |
|
Dátil |
-18-0 |
0-32 |
75 |
VL |
L |
180-360 |
|
Berenjena |
10-12 |
50-54 |
90-95 |
L |
M |
7-14 |
3-5% O2 + 0% CO2 |
Escarola, endive |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
M |
14-28 |
|
Feijoa, pineapple guava |
5-10 |
41-50 |
90 |
M |
L |
14-21 |
|
Higo, fresco |
-0.5-0 |
31-32 |
85-90 |
M |
L |
7-10 |
5-10% O2 + 15-20% CO2 |
Ajo |
0 |
32 |
65-70 |
VL |
L |
180-210 |
0.5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Uva |
-0.5-0 |
31-32 |
90-95 |
VL |
L |
30-180 |
2-5% O2 + 1-3% CO2 |
Guayaba |
5-10 |
41-50 |
90 |
L |
M |
14-21 |
|
Albahacar, basil |
10 |
50 |
90 |
VL |
H |
7 |
2% O2 + 0<10% CO2 |
Dill |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
7-14 |
|
Epazote |
0-5 |
32-41 |
90-95 |
VL |
M |
7-14 |
|
Menta |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
14-21 |
|
Orégano |
0-5 |
32-41 |
90-95 |
VL |
M |
7-14 |
|
Perejil |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
30-60 |
|
Thyme |
0 |
32 |
90-95 |
|
|
14-21 |
|
Horseradish |
-1-0 |
30-32 |
98-100 |
VL |
L |
300-360 |
|
Jaboticabo, |
13-15 |
55-59 |
90-95 |
|
|
2-3 |
|
Jaca, jackfruit |
13 |
55 |
85-90 |
M |
M |
14-28 |
|
Jícama, yambean |
13-18 |
55-65 |
85-90 |
VL |
L |
30-60 |
|
Kale |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
M |
|
|
Kiwi, chinese gooseberry |
0 |
32 |
90-95 |
L |
H |
90-150 |
1-2% O2 + 3-5% CO2 |
Hortalizas hoja, frío |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
10-14 |
|
Hortalizas hoja, cálido |
7-10 |
45-50 |
95-100 |
VL |
H |
5-7 |
|
Puerro, leek |
0 |
32 |
95-100 |
VL |
M |
60 |
1-2% O2 + 2-5% CO2 |
Lechuga |
0 |
32 |
98-100 |
VL |
H |
14-21 |
2-5% O2 + 0% CO2 |
Longan |
4-7 |
39-45 |
90-95 |
|
|
14-28 |
|
Loquat |
0 |
32 |
90-95 |
|
|
21 |
|
Luffa, chinese okra |
10-12 |
50-54 |
90-95 |
L |
M |
7-14 |
|
Litchi, lychee |
1-2 |
34-36 |
90-95 |
M |
M |
21-35 |
3-5% O2 + 3-5% CO2 |
Mango |
13 |
55 |
85-90 |
M |
M |
14-21 |
3-5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Mangosteen |
13 |
55 |
85-90 |
M |
H |
14-28 |
3-5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Cantaloupe, melones de red |
2-5 |
36-41 |
95 |
H |
M |
14-21 |
3-5% O2 + 10-15% CO2 |
Melón Casaba |
7-10 |
45-50 |
85-90 |
L |
L |
21-28 |
3-5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Melón Crenshaw |
7-10 |
45-50 |
85-90 |
M |
H |
14-21 |
3-5% O2 + 5-10% CO2 |
Honeydew, pulpa naranja |
5-10 |
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